In the 1850s, Chicago gained national political prominence as the home of Senator Stephen Douglas, the champion of the KansasNebraska Act and the "popular sovereignty" approach to the issue of the spread of slavery. Other museums and galleries in Chicago include the Chicago History Museum, the Driehaus Museum, the DuSable Museum of African American History, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum, the Polish Museum of America, the Museum of Broadcast Communications, the Pritzker Military Library, the Chicago Architecture Foundation, and the Museum of Science and Industry. [162][163][164][165], Chicago has the third-largest LGBT population in the United States. [77], The Great Depression brought unprecedented suffering to Chicago, in no small part due to the city's heavy reliance on heavy industry. While measurements vary somewhat,[102] the lowest points are along the lake shore at 578ft (176.2m), while the highest point, at 672ft (205m), is the morainal ridge of Blue Island in the city's far south side.[103]. As much as Chicagoans like to play sports, we also love to watch the pros do it. In the forty years from 1850 to 1890, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1million. At the Call of Duty League's Launch Week games in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the Chicago Huntsmen went on to beat both the Dallas Empire and Optic Gaming Los Angeles. [citation needed], Other live-music genre which are part of the city's cultural heritage include Chicago blues, Chicago soul, jazz, and gospel. ", "As feds help Chicago on guns, Trump aide says city's crime more about 'morality', "Heroin Pushed on Chicago by Cartel Fueling Gang Murders", "Probing Ties Between Mexican Cartel And Chicago's Violence", "Rahm Emanuel's performance as Chicago mayor", "Chicago's Murder Rate Double American Soldiers Killed in Iraq", "Illinois: Offenses Known to Law Enforcement, Table 8", "Chicago homicides in 2010 fell to lowest level since 1965", "Crime in the United States 2011 ('Metropolitan Statistical Area')", "Police: Chicago Reports 415 Murders In 2013, Lowest Since 1965", "Chicago's 2014 murder total on track for another low, but shootings rise", "Chicago homicide rate compared: Most big cities don't recover from spikes right away", "Chicago Killings Cost $2.5 Billion as Murders Top N.Y.'s", Carjackings more than double in Chicago during 2020, police say, perhaps as criminals blended in with masked public, Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot says spike in carjackings 'top of mind,' adding 40 more police officers to carjacking unit and gathering regional mayors, "Appeals panel: IL governments can pare back retiree health coverage, if benefits included 'expiration date', "Chicago Public Schools: Selective enrollment", "These Are the Best High Schools in Illinois", "6 CPS High Schools Rank Among Top 10 in Illinois", "Lane Tech College Prep The School of Champions", "Chicago, Illinois Colleges and Universities", "Nielsen Media 20092010 Local Market Estimates", "Window to The World Communications presents WYCC MHz Worldview beginning April 23, 2018 | WTTW Chicago", "Shakey Ground: Arts Magazines Find Chicago's Landscape Still Hostile To New Ventures", "Chicago Daily News II: This Time It's Digital", "The Onion celebrates controversial Chicago move with banjo playing, steak tartare", "Where was Justice League filmed? [95] Lori Lightfoot, the city's first African American woman mayor and its first openly LGBTQ Mayor, was elected to succeed Emanuel as mayor in 2019. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) performs at Symphony Center, and is recognized as one of the best orchestras in the world. [223], Chicago has a distinctive fine art tradition. While the genre was pioneered by Throbbing Gristle in the late 70s, the genre was largely started in the United Kingdom, with the Chicago-based record label Wax Trax! It also has entertainment systems inside the gondolas as well as a climate controlled environment. [109] The North Side is the most-densely-populated residential section of the city, and many high-rises are located on this side of the city along the lakefront. [302] Jens Ludwig, director of the University of Chicago Crime Lab, estimated that shootings cost the city of Chicago $2.5billion in 2012. Religion Census, email cliff.grammich@usreligioncensus.org. [91][92], In 1992, a construction accident near the Kinzie Street Bridge produced a breach connecting the Chicago River to a tunnel below, which was part of an abandoned freight tunnel system extending throughout the downtown Loop district. In northern Illinois, ComEd (a division of Exelon) operates the greatest number of nuclear generating plants in any US state. Seated Lincoln), Brioschi's Christopher Columbus, Metrovi's The Bowman and The Spearman, Dallin's Signal of Peace, Fairbanks's The Chicago Lincoln, Boyle's The Alarm, Polasek's memorial to Masaryk, memorials along Solidarity Promenade to Kociuszko, Havliek and Copernicus by Chodzinski, Strachovsk, and Thorvaldsen, a memorial to General Logan by Saint-Gaudens, and Kearney's Moose (W-02-03). Persons per household, 2017-2021. RELIGION CENSUS IS NOW COMPLETE. Learn more atLearn more at Chicago.gov/COVIDVax. The city grew significantly in size and population by incorporating many neighboring townships between 1851 and 1920, with the largest annexation happening in 1889, with five townships joining the city, including the Hyde Park Township, which now comprises most of the South Side of Chicago and the far southeast of Chicago, and the Jefferson Township, which now makes up most of Chicago's Northwest Side. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. . As of the 2010 Census, 578,100 residents of the City of Chicago, had full or partial Mexican origins.[7]. Pixabay . Learn More: party affiliation, Republican/lean Rep., No lean, Democrat/lean Dem. Chicago is the only city that has had more than one MLB franchise every year since the AL began in 1901 (New York hosted only one between 1958 and early 1962). Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). They largely clustered in Jefferson Park on the city's Northwest Side, coming to the area mostly between the years 19071920. [249] Much notable Chicago fiction focuses on the city itself, with social criticism keeping exultation in check. The city responded by tunneling two miles (3.2km) out into Lake Michigan to newly built water cribs. The citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males. While the Chicago River historically handled much of the region's waterborne cargo, today's huge lake freighters use the city's Lake Calumet Harbor on the South Side. Of the 1,061,928 households in the 2000 census, 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. [158], Chicago's population declined in the latter half of the 20th century, from over 3.6million in 1950 down to under 2.7million by 2010. The 2015 year-end crime statistics showed there were 468 murders in Chicago in 2015 compared with 416 the year before, a 12.5% increase, as well as 2,900 shootings13% more than the year prior, and up 29% since 2013. [145] Northeast winds from wintertime cyclones departing south of the region sometimes bring the city lake-effect snow.[146]. [38][39][40][41], A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad. frequency of reading scripture by metro area, Learn More: frequency of reading scripture, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say the holy scripture is, Compare: frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, Learn More: frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say they look tomost for guidance on right and wrong, Compare: [158][159] To these ethnic groups, the basis of the city's industrial working class, were added an additional influx of African Americans from the American Southwith Chicago's black population doubling between 1910 and 1920 and doubling again between 1920 and 1930. For other uses, see, 2021 United States Census Bureau American Community Survey estimates, Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America, "What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History? [citation needed] Lane is one of the oldest schools in Chicago and in 2012 was designated a National Blue Ribbon School by the U.S. Department of Education. Chicago is the theatre capital of the U.S. birthplace of storefront theatre and improv comedy, home to long-running Broadway hits and boasting more world premieres than any other city in the country. [citation needed] The Lithuanian Opera Company of Chicago was founded by Lithuanian Chicagoans in 1956,[221] and presents operas in Lithuanian. Also, an outdoor restaurant transforms into an ice rink in the winter season. [295] In 2011, Chicago's murders fell another 1.2% to 431 (a rate of 15.94 per 100,000). The fiscal crisis was resolved by 1933, and at the same time, federal relief funding began to flow into Chicago. Of the area's colleges and universities, the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, and the University of Illinois Chicago are classified as "highest research" doctoral universities. (formerly ImprovOlympic). PRRI has been collecting and aggregating data on religious diversity in America continuously since 2013. Diocesan Priests (including active and retired): 683, Deacons: 652(includes active, active outside the diocese, seniors, and retired), Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Women (ACCW), Immigrant Affairs and Immigration Education, Catholic population as percentage of total population of Cook and Lake counties: 35%, Weekend Masses Scheduled in Parishes and Missions: 1,194, Elementary schools (archdiocese-run):152, Elementary schools (non-archdiocese-run): 8, Secondary schools (non-archdiocese-run): 27, Enrollment in elementary school programs: 39,000, Enrollment in secondary school programs: 3,600, St. John Vianney College Seminary, St. Paul, MN, 5 Catholic colleges and universities serving 45,000 students. Other prevalent European ethnic groups include the Czechs, and Ukrainians. views about homosexuality by metro area, Learn More: views about homosexuality, Should be accepted, Should be discouraged, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who same-sex marriage, Compare: B. Annual festivals feature various acts, such as Lollapalooza and the Pitchfork Music Festival. In the 1840s, Chicago became a major grain port, and in the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry expanded. [311], Chicago high school rankings are determined by the average test scores on state achievement tests. The name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the indigenous Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa for a wild relative of the onion; it is known to botanists as Allium tricoccum and known more commonly as "ramps". [citation needed], With an estimated completion date of 2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center will be housed at the University of Chicago in Hyde Park and include both the Obama presidential library and offices of the Obama Foundation. Finally, two fountains near the Loop also function as monumental works of art: Plensa's Crown Fountain as well as Burnham and Bennett's Buckingham Fountain. Domestic and industrial waste was once incinerated but it is now landfilled, mainly in the Calumet area. As of 2018[update], Windy City Live is Chicago's only daytime talk show, which is hosted by Val Warner and Ryan Chiaverini at ABC7 Studios with a live weekday audience. Some events which shaped the city's history have also been memorialized by art works, including the Great Northern Migration (Saar) and the centennial of statehood for Illinois. The magazine discovered such poets as Gwendolyn Brooks, James Merrill, and John Ashbery. [citation needed]. [224], In 2014[update], Chicago attracted 50.17million domestic leisure travelers, 11.09million domestic business travelers and 1.308million overseas visitors. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 2,695,598 people and 1,194,337 households residing within the city limits of Chicago. As the seat of Cook County (the second-most populous U.S. county), the city is the center of the Chicago metropolitan area, one of the largest in the world. [citation needed], The West Side holds the Garfield Park Conservatory, one of the largest collections of tropical plants in any U.S. city. She was notable for temporarily moving into the crime-ridden Cabrini-Green housing project and for leading Chicago's school system out of a financial crisis.[89]. Broadway In Chicago offers Broadway-style entertainment at five theaters: the Nederlander Theatre, CIBC Theatre, Cadillac Palace Theatre, Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University, and Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA [256] They have won three World Series titles, including the 2016 World Series, but had the dubious honor of having the two longest droughts in American professional sports: They had not won their sport's title since 1908, and had not participated in a World Series since 1945, both records, until they beat the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 World Series. [93] The area was shut down for three days and some buildings did not reopen for weeks; losses were estimated at $1.95billion. ), Eclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs", Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" family, Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albert Raby led the Chicago Freedom Movement, which culminated in agreements between Mayor Richard J. Daley and the movement leaders. [330], The city was particularly important for the development of the harsh and electronic based music genre known as industrial. [105] The Illinois Department of Tourism defines Chicagoland as Cook County without the city of Chicago, and only Lake, DuPage, Kane, and Will counties. The Irish laid the foundations for many of the city's Roman Catholic churches, schools and hospitals. [2] The city's population peaked in the 1950 Census, although two of the three most recent Censuses as of 2022 have shown moderate growth. religious attendance by metro area, Learn More: attendance at religious services, At least once a week, Once or twice a month/a few times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who pray, Compare: [citation needed], Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait WaitDon't Tell Me!. [209] Chicago also ranks third in the U.S. (behind Las Vegas and Orlando) in number of conventions hosted annually. The Exposition drew 27.5million visitors, and is considered the most influential world's fair in history. He created Lincoln Park by closing a cemetery filled with shallow graves, and in 1867, in response to an outbreak of cholera he helped establish a new Chicago Board of Health. [27], The first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was trader Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax 1935: Chicago Cubs secure a record as the third-longest unbeaten MLB game streak with 21 consecutive wins. Several medical products and services companies are headquartered in the Chicago area, including Baxter International, Boeing, Abbott Laboratories, and the Healthcare division of General Electric. 35.2%. [127][128], A popular tourist activity is to take an architecture boat tour along the Chicago River. [34] Within seven years it grew to more than 6,000 people. Expand. Kortmann, Bernd, Kate Burridge, Rajend Mesthrie, Edgar W. Schneider and Clive Upton (eds). Scope: population of Illinois and Chicago. For questions about participation in the 2020 U.S. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Chicago is a major transportation hub in the United States. [78] Chicago was also a hotbed of labor activism, with Unemployed Councils contributing heavily in the early depression to create solidarity for the poor and demand relief, these organizations were created by socialist and communist groups.